52 articles - From Friday May 08 2026 to Friday May 15 2026
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
| Does a low-carbohydrate diet impede endurance sports performance? Debate Consensus.
Points of agreement include the muscle's capacity to be trained to increase oxidation of either fuel, whereas points of disagreement include whether strategies to promote highest rates of CHO oxidation provide advantages over the amounts needed to prevent hypoglycemia. Future research should target challenges in measuring both metabolism and performance. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
|---|
| Advanced therapies for extraintestinal manifestations of IBD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systemically directed ATs (TNF-antagonists, JAK inhibitors, anti-ILs) demonstrated strong efficacy for musculoskeletal or cutaneous EIMs; vedolizumab achieved clinical response in lower rates, particularly for axial arthritis. |
| The missing evidence: Stricturing Crohn's disease in clinical trials, a systematic review.
Prospective evidence for medical therapy in stricturing CD is limited and restricted to anti-tumor necrosis factor α agents. Imaging plays an important role in characterization and monitoring but lacks a standardized fibrosis assessment. Dedicated phenotype-specific trials and validated imaging biomarkers are needed to optimize management of stricturing CD. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| Safety of advanced therapies during pregnancy in women with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Current evidence does not suggest an increased risk of adverse pregnancy or neonatal outcomes with advanced therapies for IMIDs. However, larger, high-quality studies are needed, and these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating. |
| Pancreas |
| The Epidemiology of PRSS1 Hereditary Pancreatitis and its Clinical Implications: A Systematic Review.
PRSS1-associated HP is characterized by early disease onset and substantial pain burden, but clinical reporting remains inconsistent. Standardized outcome measures and longitudinal multicenter studies are needed to improve comparability and prognostic insight. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
| Breastfeeding duration and bone mineral density in childhood: a prospective study within GUSTO cohort.
Recognizing these relationships is crucial for optimizing early nutrition to support strong and healthy bone development. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER AND WEBSITE WHERE IT WAS OBTAINED: gov/study/NCT01174875. |
| Does a low-carbohydrate diet impede endurance sports performance? No.
These data establish that muscle glycogen is not an obligatory fuel for exercise. Rather, exercise-induced hypoglycemia due to depletion of glucose in the small glucose pool in the liver and bloodstream, prevented by minimal carbohydrate ingestion during exercise, is the main metabolic contributor to premature fatigue during more prolonged submaximal exercise. |
| Effects of a one-year calcium-enriched permeate supplement on bone health in post-menopausal females: The RENEW randomized controlled intervention trial.
Daily supplementation of 800 mg calcium in two doses from CP suppressed bone turnover markers and maintained BMD similarly to CC in vitamin D-sufficient postmenopausal women. Inulin provided no additional advantage. |
| Gut Microbiota Responses to Isocaloric Macronutrient Modulation in Tissue-Specific Insulin Resistance: a secondary analysis of the PERSonalized glucose Optimization through Nutritional intervention (PERSON) randomized trial.
Individuals with predominant LIR seem more prone to diet-induced gut microbiota-related improvements in cardiometabolic health than those with MIR, highlighting the importance of understanding heterogeneity in IR. Our findings support a role for the gut microbiota in precision nutrition targeting tissue-specific IR. registration This is a secondary analysis of the PERSonalized glucose Optimization through Nutritional intervention (PERSON) randomized trial. Registration number NCT03708419, |
| Literature-based human milk nutrient composition values for use in North American food composition databases.
These findings summarize data available to develop an interim nutrient profile for North American HM that could be used until an empirically measured profile can be developed. They also highlight gaps in the literature to be addressed by future studies. |
| Milk fat intake, adiposity, and obesity in Canadian children: findings from the prospective Canadian CHILD Cohort Study.
Whole cow milk consumption at age 5 years was associated with lower adiposity and obesity indicators in middle childhood. These findings challenge current recommendations to limit milk fat in children and may inform future dietary guidelines. |
| Optimal measures of carbohydrate quality to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from 3 prospective cohort studies.
The novel aCQI, comprised carbohydrates from whole fruits, whole grains, sugar-sweetened beverages, cereal fiber, and glycemic index, was more strongly associated with risk of T2D and cardiometabolic biomarkers than its individual components or the existing CQI, necessitating further research. |
| Plasma metabolites, dietary intakes, and breast cancer incidence: a prospective case-cohort study in NutriNet-Santé.
Breast cancer incidence was positively associated with conjugated bile acids, including the novel glycohyocholic acid, and inversely associated with unconjugated bile acids, suggesting a potential role for bile acid conjugation in carcinogenesis. Multiple dietary factors were linked to these metabolites, highlighting potential metabolic pathways connecting diet and BC. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| CB2R promotes T cell gut homing and exacerbates ileitis in a murine Crohn's model.
T cell-specific deletion of CNR2, the gene encoding CB2R, attenuated chronic murine ileitis characterized by decreased naïve T cell infiltration and loss of tissue architecture in 20-week-old TNFΔARE/+ mice. This study supports further therapeutic development of CB2R-targeting drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. |
| Disease phenotype affects treatment of late-onset inflammatory bowel disease: Analysis of a large UK cohort.
LO-IBD has a distinct phenotype, with less isolated proctitis (LO-UC) and less ileocolonic and perianal CD. LO-IBD patients had lower corticosteroid, immunomodulator, and anti-tumor necrosis factor use but equivalent colectomy and intestinal resection rates. LO-CD is notable for the higher use of vedolizumab and ustekinumab, suggesting that age, comorbidity, and disease phenotype affect biologic choice in older adults. Research to understand whether differential treatment of older adults is justified is crucial. |
| Multi-omics-based machine learning model predicts response and guides treatment in Crohn disease: a case study in nutritional therapy.
As a proof-of-concept, we showed that integrated multi-omics ML models can predict EEN response in pediatric CD patients, supporting their potential use in precision nutrition and personalized care strategies. |
| Soluble transferrin receptor as a reliable inflammation-independent marker of iron deficiency in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
sTfR appears to be an inflammation-independent marker of iron status in IBD. It showed greater potential for identifying IDWA in UC, while in CD it mainly reflected increased iron demand in anemia. Overall, sTfR may be useful as a complementary parameter to conventional iron markers. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these findings and assess their clinical utility in IBD. |
| Targeting the transcription factor GATA3 by the DNAzyme formulation SB012 in patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2a induction trial.
Overall, topical application of the GATA3-specific DNAzyme formulation SB012 was well tolerated, but did not reach the defined primary endpoint of treatment difference at week 4 between the SB012 and placebo group in active moderate-to-severe UC patients, unless confounding by glucocorticoids was taken into account. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| Bayesian prior elicitation on the efficacy of medical therapies in perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease.
We have conducted the first Bayesian prior elicitation exercise in inflammatory bowel disease. The generated priors could be used to enhance the design and analysis of clinical trials in PFCD by improving estimation of treatment efficacy, minimizing sample sizes, and potentially reducing the need for placebo control arms. |
| Beyond the bowel: three rare complications of upadacitinib therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.
We describe three complications temporally associated with therapy: invasive hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), severe anemia requiring transfusion in the setting of refractory pouchitis with acute pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary blastomycosis. Although causality cannot be established, these cases highlight the need for vigilance for malignancy, hematologic abnormalities, and opportunistic infections, and emphasize careful risk stratification, individualized monitoring, and prompt evaluation of atypical symptoms. |
| Comparative risk of serious infection in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with JAK inhibitors.
Tofacitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib were associated with similar risks of serious infection in patients with UC. Infection risk appeared to be driven primarily by dose rather than by type of JAKi. |
| Crohn's Disease Activity Index in the era of obesity: time to abandon it?
Using simple numerical examples, we show how obese patients with the same clinical activity as normal-weight individuals may be reclassified from moderate-severe disease into apparent clinical remission due solely to the weight term. We discuss the implications of this bias for trial eligibility, endpoint assessment, and therapeutic strategies that modify body weight, and outline pragmatic options to modernize disease activity assessment in the era of obesity. |
| Intestinal ultrasound reliably predicts fecal loading in patients with ulcerative colitis.
IUS may represent a reliable tool to assess fecal loading in UC. IUS correlates well with CT, and demonstrates excellent reproducibility. It is a promising tool for managing constipation in UC. |
| Mirikizumab is associated with rapid and sustained improvements in novel measures of bowel urgency in moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis: 28-week results from the LUCENT-URGE trial.
In the first comprehensive approach assessing complex BU symptoms in UC, mirikizumab was associated with improvements in several BU and clinically related measures through W28. Clinical trials registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05767021. |
| Repeated opioid use during pregnancy in women with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and impact on birth outcomes in Denmark.
The proportions of women who used repeated opioids prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy, and in the postpartum period were low but consequences for neonates can be severe. Providers should screen for opioid use in this population. |
| Liver Transpl |
| A diagnostic accuracy study of mitochondrial FMN during hypothermic oxygenated perfusion to guide liver utilization and avoid normothermic assessment.
FMN release during DHOPE is associated with subsequent NMP viability outcomes in ECD-DCD livers. FMN concentrations may help identify viable and non-viable grafts early during DHOPE, potentially avoiding resource-intensive comprehensive viability assessment with COR-NMP. |
| Graft survival after liver transplantation using portable normothermic machine perfusion at a US center.
However, in addition to these parameters, GS for SCS grafts (n=1180 LTs) was also negatively associated with DCD donors, total preservation time, and recipient age at transplant. In conclusion, this study demonstrates improved GS and marginal donor utilization, and an increased number of critical recipients associated with pNMP use compared to SCS use, enabling longer preservation time and functional assessment of grafts via hepatic artery flow. |
| Major adverse cardiovascular events after liver transplantation: A call for a shared definition.
This definition represents the authors' proposal and requires further consensus and formal validation. A structured international process, ideally using Delphi methodology and a position paper endorsed by transplant societies, could provide a reference framework for future studies, improving comparability, risk stratification, and clinical management of liver transplant recipients. |
| Predicting severe liver dysfunction following locoregional therapy for early- and intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.
In patients undergoing LRT for HCC, measures of liver function outperform tumor-related and demographic variables in predicting liver failure. These findings underscore the central role of hepatic reserve in peri-procedural risk assessment and support prioritizing liver severity metrics when evaluating candidates for LRT. |
| Validation and refinement of early allograft dysfunction criteria in living donor liver transplantation.
We developed and validated separate risk scores for RL and LL recipients, which may allow for earlier and more accurate identification of patients at high risk of graft loss and early intervention to protect the graft. |
| Waitlist mortality in liver transplantation: Understanding metrics, regulatory implications, and clinical management strategies.
We discuss the implications of using waitlist mortality in center performance monitoring and review potential system- and center-level strategies to mitigate waitlist mortality, including allocation policy refinements, candidate selection practices, donor utilization, and clinical management while awaiting transplant. Finally, we explore future directions, including improved risk prediction, integration of waitlist mortality into continuous distribution, and the importance of equity-focused policy. |
| Pancreas |
| Advancements in Understanding the Interplay between Mitophagy and Acute Pancreatitis: A Comprehensive Research Overview.
Inflammatory vesicles, reactive oxygen radicals, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium overload, and iron-induced death are intricately linked to both mitochondrial autophagy and AP. This review consolidates insights into the pathogenesis of mitochondrial autophagy and AP, offering novel perspectives and avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of AP. |
| Effects of glucagon-like Peptide 1, glucagon, and Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide on Fluid Secretion in Guinea-Pig Pancreatic Duct Cells.
Physiological concentrations of GLP-1 and GIP directly stimulate pancreatic duct fluid secretion via elevation of intracellular cAMP and interact with secretin in the guinea-pig. The physiological role of glucagon in the regulation of pancreatic duct fluid secretion is limited. |
| Pancreatic MRI Findings in High-Risk Individuals Compared with Matched Average-Risk Individuals.
PCLs are significantly more common among HRI than matched ARI, although typically small and low-risk. Future longitudinal studies should determine whether the higher prevalence of PCLs among HRI translates into increased risk of PCL-derived malignancy or reflects heighted detection on MRI. |
| Pancreatology |
| Fibromodulin promotes PDAC progression through multifaceted regulation of tumor growth pathways: Implications for therapeutic targeting.
FMOD plays critical roles in the development and progression of PDAC. These findings highlight FMOD as a candidate prognostic marker and suggest that targeting FMOD merits further exploration in PDAC. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
| Bridging the gap: strengthening the foundation of human milk nutrient data in North America. |
| Does a low-carbohydrate diet impede endurance sports performance? Yes.
Moreover, the consumption of CHO during exercise in keto-adapted athletes often enhances endurance capacity or performance. Therefore, the LCHF diet alone is suboptimal for endurance performance, as is as a one-size-fits-all approach to sports nutrition. |
| The low-fat milk recommendation for young children: time for a re-evaluation. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| Authors' response to letter to editor-silencing GATA3: DNAzymes enter the therapeutic landscape of ulcerative colitis. |
| Multi-omics-based machine learning model predicts response and guides treatment in Crohn's disease: a case study in nutritional therapy-response to editorial. |
| Pancreatology |
| From diagnostic technology to pathway design: what the Onomichi Method teaches us about early pancreatic cancer detection. |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Liver Transpl |
|---|
| Beyond the taxonomy: Reconsidering stigma's place in liver disease care. |
| Letter to the Editor: Is viscoelastic testing missing ADAMTS13 depletion during liver transplantation? |
| Letter to the Editor: Rethinking graft mismatch-the role of portal flow in pediatric liver transplantation. |
| MELD 3.0: Incremental progress or context-dependent? |
| Portal hypertensive ischemic enteropathy without mesenteric thrombosis: Reversible with TIPS despite extreme hyperlactatemia. |
| Preemptive anti-craving therapies reduce alcohol relapse after liver transplantation in high-risk individuals. |
| Reply: Rethinking graft mismatch-The role of portal flow in pediatric liver transplantation. |
| Pancreas |
| Drain Fluid White Blood Cell Count Enhances Prediction of Clinically Relevant Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy. |
| Pancreatology |
| Healthcare resource use for acute pancreatitis in patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome treated with olezarsen. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Am J Clin Nutr |
|---|
| Reconsidering vitamin D threshold definitions in studies of respiratory tract infections. |
| Pancreatology |
| Response to letter to the editor, location matters in IPMN: Clinicopathological differences, malignancy risk and oncological outcomes for lesions located in head vs body and tail of the pancreas. |